Sloka & Translation

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[Having received the hospitality of king Sumati, Viswamitra, Rama and Lakshmana travel towards Mithila. On enquiry by Rama sage Viswamitra relates the story of Gautama's curse to Ahalya.]

pṛṣṭvā tu kuśalaṅ tatra parasparasamāgamē.

kathāntē sumatirvākyaṅ vyājahāra mahāmunim৷৷1.48.1৷৷


tatra there, parasparasamāgamē by mutual get-together (each of them), sumati: Sumati, kuśalam welfare, pṛṣṭvā having enquired, kathāntē at the end of conversation, mahāmunim addressing great ascetic Visvamitra, vākyam these words, vyājahāra spoke.

Getting together they enquired one another's health. And then Sumati spoke to the great ascetic (Viswamitra).
imau kumārau bhadraṅ tē dēvatulyaparākramau.

gajasiṅhagatī vīrau śārdūlavṛṣabhōpamau৷৷1.48.2৷৷

padmapatraviśālākṣau khaḍgatūṇī dhanurdharau.

aśvināviva rūpēṇa samupasthitayauvanau৷৷1.48.3৷৷

yadṛcchayaiva gāṅ prāptau dēvalōkādivāmarau.

kathaṅ padbhyāmiha prāptau kimarthaṅ kasya vā munē!৷৷1.48.4৷৷


munē O! Sage Visvamitra, tē bhadram prosperity to you, dēvatulyaparākramau possessed of prowess equal to that of celestial beings, gajasiṅhagatī possessed of the gait of elephant or a lion, vīrau heroic, śārdūlavṛṣabhōpamau resembling tiger or bull in appearance, padmapatraviśālākṣau having expansive eyes like lotus-petals, khaḍgatūṇī dhanurdharau armed with scimitars, bows and quivers, rūpēṇa in beauty, aśvināviva like Ashvins, samupasthitayauvanau attained their youth, dēvalōkāt from celestial world, yadṛcchayaiva by their own free will, (casually), gām the earth, prāptau having reached, amarāviva like devatas, imau these two, kumārau youths, iha here, padbhyām on foot, katham how, kimartham for what purpose, (anu)prāptau have reached, kasya vā to whom they belong.

"O Sage, wish you well! Who are these two youths who seem to possess the prowess of celestial beings. They walk with the gait of an elephant or a lion. They are courageous like tiger or a bull. Their large eyes are like lotus-petals. They are armed with scimitars, bows and quivers. They are young and handsome like Aswinikumaras dropped from heaven casually. Whose sons are they? How did they come here on foot? With what purpose?
bhūṣayantāvimaṅ dēśaṅ candrasūryāvivāmbaram.

parasparasya sadṛśau pramāṇēṅgitacēṣṭitai:৷৷1.48.5৷৷

kimarthaṅ ca muniśrēṣṭha samprāptau durgamē pathi.

varāyudhadharau vīrau śrōtumicchāmi tattvata:৷৷1.48.6৷৷


muniśrēṣṭha O! Great ascetic, pramāṇēṅgitacēṣṭitai: in personality, in expressions and gestures, parasparasya each other, sadṛśau resemble, candrasūryau Moon and Sun, ambaramiva in the sky, imam this, dēśam country, bhūṣayantau adorning, varāyudhadharau holding excellent weapons, vīrau heroes, durgamē difficult to traverse, pathi paths, kimartham for what purpose, samprāptau have come, tattvata: truly, śrōtum to listen, icchāmi I am desirous.

O Great ascetic! they resemble each other in personality, expression and gestures. They adorn this land like Sun and moon in the sky holding excellent weapons. These heroes have trodden paths difficult to traverse. For what purpose have they come? I want to hear clearly".
tasya tadvacanaṅ śrutvā yathāvṛttaṅ nyavēdayat.

siddhāśramanivāsaṅ ca rākṣasānāṅ vadhaṅ tathā৷৷1.48.7৷৷


tasya his, tat vacanam those words, śrutvā having listened, siddhāśramanivāsam ca their stay at Siddha ashrama, tathā and, rākṣasānām rakshasas, vadham slaying, yathāvṛttam all that had actually happened, nyavēdayat related.

On hearing his words, he (Viswamitra) related all about their stay at Siddhashrama and the slaying of rakshasas.
viśvāmitravacaśśrutvā rājā paramaharṣita:.

atithī paramau prāptau putrau daśarathasya tau৷৷1.48.8৷৷

pūjayāmāsa vidhivatsatkārārhau mahābalau.


rājā king Sumati, viśvāmitravaca: words of Visvamitra, śrutvā having listened, paramaharṣita: exceedingly delighted, paramau distinguished, atithī two guests, prāptau having arrived, satkārārhau worthy of honours, mahābalau highly valiant, tau daśarathasya putrau those two sons of Dasaratha, vithivat in accordance with tradition, pūjayāmāsa extended hospitality.

After hearing Viswamitra, the king (Sumati) got exceedingly delighted and extended
hospitality in accordance with tradition to the highly valiant sons of Dasaratha, the distinguished guests worthy of honour.
tata: paramasatkāraṅ sumatē: prāpya rāghavau৷৷1.48.9৷৷

uṣya tatra niśāmēkāṅ jagmaturmithilāṅ tata: .


rāghavau Rama and Lakshmana, tata: from that, sumatē: king Sumati, paramasatkāram great honours, prāpya having obtained, tatra there, ēkām one, niśām night, uṣya having stayed, tata: thereafter, mithilām towards Mithila, jagmatu: set out.

The descendants of Raghu (Rama and Lakshmana) having received great honour from Sumati, stayed there one night and thereafter set out for Mithila.
tān dṛṣṭvā munayassarvē janakasya purīṅ śubhām৷৷1.48.10৷৷

sādhu sādhviti śaṅsantō mithilāṅ samapūjayan.


sarvē all, munaya: ascetics, janakasya Janaka's, tām that, śubhām auspicious, purīm city, dṛṣṭvā having seen, sādhu sādhu iti excellent, excellent, śaṅsanta: admiring, mithilām Mithila, samapūjayan worshipped.

All the ascetics, having seen that auspicious city of Janaka worshipfully admired Mithila saying, 'Excellent, Excellent'!
mithilōpavanē śūnyamāśramaṅ dṛśya rāghava:৷৷1.48.11৷৷

purāṇaṅ nirjanaṅ ramyaṅ papraccha munipuṅgavam.


rāghava: Rama, mithilōpavanē in a grove near Mithila, purāṇam oldest, nirjanam uninhabited, ramyam beautiful, śūnyam deserted, āśramam hermitage, dṛśya having seen, munipuṅgavam foremost of ascetics, papraccha enquired.

At the sight of an old uninhabited, beautiful and desolate hermitage in a grove near Mithila, the descendant of the Raghus enquired of the foremost among the ascetics
(Viswamitra):
śrīmadāśramasaṅkāśaṅ kinnvidaṅ munivarjitam৷৷1.48.12৷৷

jñātumicchāmi bhagavan kasyāyaṅ pūrvamāśrama:.


bhagavan O! Venerable one!, śrīmat propitious, āśramasaṅkāśam looking like a hermitage, munivarjitam deserted by ascetics, idam this, kiṅ nu what could be? pūrvam formerly, ayam this, āśrama: hermitage, kasya whose?, jñātum to know, icchāmi I am desirous.

"O Venerable one! I wish to know why this auspicios looking hermitage was deserted by ascetics? To whom did this belong in the past."
tacchrutvā rāghavēṇōktaṅ vākyaṅ vākyaviśārada:৷৷1.48.13৷৷

pratyuvāca mahātējā viśvāmitrō mahāmuni:.


vākyaviśārada: proficient in speech, mahātējā: highly lustrous, viśvāmitra: Visvamitra, rāghavēṇa by Rama, uktam spoken, vākyam words, śrutvā having listened, pratyuvāca replied.

Eloquent and brilliant Viswamitra, replied to the descendant of the Raghus saying:
hanta tē kathayiṣyāmi śruṇu tattvēna rāghava৷৷1.48.14৷৷

yasyēdamāśramapadaṅ śaptaṅ kōpānmahātmanā.


rāghava O! Rama, mahātmanā magnanimous (by whom), kōpāt out of wrath, śaptam cursed, idam this, āśramapadam hermitage, yasya whose, tattvēna truthfully, tē to you, kathayiṣyāmi I shall tell, śrṛṇu you may listen, hanta oh!

"O Descendant of the Raghus! I shall tell all you about this hermitage cursed by the wrath of a great man.
gautamasya naraśrēṣṭha pūrvamāsīnmahātmana:৷৷1.48.15৷৷

āśramō divyasaṅkāśassurairapi supūjita:.


naraśrēṣṭha O! Best among men, Rama, divyasaṅkāśa: resembling celestial hermitage, surairapi even by devatas, supūjita: well honoured, āśrama: hermitage, pūrvam formerly, mahātmana: of the illustrious, gautamasya āsīt belonged to Gautama.

O Best among men! this hermitage resembling a celestial retreat and well-honoured even by devatas once belonged to illustrious Gautama.
sa cēha tapa ātiṣṭhadahalyāsahita: purā৷৷1.48.16৷৷

varṣapūgānanēkāṅśca rājaputra mahāyaśa:.


mahāyaśa: highly renowned, rājaputra prince, purā in ancient times, sa: he, ahalyāsahita: in the company of Ahalya, anēkān several, varṣapūgān series of years, iha here, tapa: austerities, atiṣṭhat practised.

O Highly renowned prince! it was here in ancient times that Gautama in the company of Ahalya practised austerities for several years.
tasyāntaraṅ viditvā tu sahasrākṣaśśacīpati:৷৷1.48.17৷৷

munivēṣadharō.halyāmidaṅ vacanamabravīt.


śacīpati: consort of Sachi, sahasrākṣa: Indra, tasya his, antaram opportunity, viditvā having found, munivēṣadhara: assuming the disguise of ascetic, ahalyām addressing Ahalya, idam vacanam these words, abravīt said.

The thousand-eyed Indra, consort of Sachi, having found an opportunity (during the absence of the ascetic), assumed the guise of the ascetic (Gautama) and said to Ahalya:
ṛtukālaṅ pratīkṣantē nārthinassusamāhitē.1.48.18

saṅgamaṅ tvahamicchāmi tvayā saha sumadhyamē৷৷


susamāhitē O! Highly beautiful one (with symmetrical limbs), arthina: passionate seekers, ṛtukālam a period when women become fresh after menstruation, na pratīkṣantē would not await, sumadhyamē O! Woman beautiful waist, aham I, tvayā saha with you, saṅgamam union, icchāmi am desiring.

'O most beautiful one! those overtaken by passion would not await the completion of the menstrual period (favourable for copulation). O woman of fine waist! I desire union with you.'
munivēṣaṅ sahasrākṣaṅ vijñāya raghunandana!.1.48.19

matiṅ cakāra durmēdhā dēvarājakutūhalāt৷৷


raghunandana O! Rama, durmēdhā: evil-intentioned, munivēṣam in the guise of ascetic, sahasrākṣam Indra, vijñāya knowing, dēvarājakutūhalāt out of inclination towards the king of celestials, matiṅ cakāra consented.

O Delight of the Raghus! the evil-intentioned Ahalya, inclined towards the king of the
celestials and knowing him to be the thousand-eyed Indra in the guise of the ascetic, consented for the union.
athābravīt naraśrēṣṭha kṛtārthēnāntarātmanā.1.48.20৷৷

kṛtārthā.smi suraśrēṣṭha gaccha śīghramita: prabhō!.

ātmānaṅ māṅ ca dēvēśa sarvadā rakṣa gautamāt.1.48.21৷৷


naraśrēṣṭha O! Foremost of men, atha afterwards, kṛtārthēna having achieved the purpose, antarātmanā whole heartedly, abravīt spoke, suraśrēṣṭha O! Chief of celestials, kṛtārthā asmi I have succeeded in my desire, prabhō O! Lord, ita: from here, śīghram quickly, gaccha go, dēvēśa O! Lord of celestials, ātmānaṅ ca yourself, māṅ ca also me, sarvadā in all respects, gautamāt from Gautama, rakṣa protect.

O Foremost of men! with her heart's desire fulfilled, Ahalya said: "O Chief of the
celestials! I'm satisfied. O Lord, quit this place: O Lord of cthe gods, protect yourself and also me from Gautama in all respects."
indrastu prahasan vākyamahalyāmidamabravīt.

suśrōṇi parituṣṭō.smi gamiṣyāmi yathā.gatam.1.48.22৷৷


indrastu Indra, prahasan smilingly, ahalyām addressing Ahalya, idam vākyam these words, abravīt spoke, suśrōṇi one with lovely hips, parituṣṭa: asmi I am gratified, yathāgatam in the way I have come, gamiṣyāmi I shall go.

Indra smilingly said to Ahalya, 'O! One with lovely hips, I am gratified. I shall go away the way I have come'.
ēvaṅ saṅgamya tu tayā niścakrāmōṭajāttata:৷৷

sa sambhramāttvaran rāma śaṅkitō gautamaṅ prati.1.48.23৷৷


rāma O! Rama, ēvam in this way, tayā with her, saṅgamya having united, sa: he, sambhramāt out of fear, tvaran quickly, gautamaṅ prati about Gautama, śaṅkita: having apprehension, uṭajāt (tataḥ) from leafy hut, niścakrāma came out.

O Rama! he (Indra) came out of the leaf-hut quickly after his union with her, apprehensive of Gautama.
gautamaṅ taṅ dadarśātha praviśantaṅ mahāmunim.

dēvadānavadurdharṣaṅ tapōbalasamanvitam৷৷1.48.24৷৷

tīrthēṅdakapariklinnaṅ dīpyamānamivānalam.

gṛhītasamidhaṅ tatra sakuśaṅ munipuṅgavam৷৷1.48.25৷৷


atha subsequently, dēvadānavadurdharṣam unassilable by devatas and danavas, tapōbalasamanvitam endowed with power of ascetism, tīrthēṅdakapariklinnam drenched with by sacrifical waters, analamiva like flaming fire, dīpyamānam shining, gṛhītasamidham carrying sacrificial fuel sticks, sakuśam along with Kusha grass, munipuṅgavam pre-eminent among sages, gautamaṅ mahāmunim great ascetic Gautama, tatra there, praviśantam entering, dadarśa beheld.

Subsequently, Indra beheld the great ascetic Gautama, unassailable by devatas and danavas, endowed with the power of ascetism, drenched with sacrifical waters, shining like flaming fire, carrying sacrificial firewood and Kusha grass and pre-eminent among sages, entering that leaf- hut.
dṛṣṭvā surapatistrastō vivarṇavadanō.bhavat.

atha dṛṣṭvā sahasrākṣaṅ munivēṣadharaṅ muni:৷৷1.48.26৷৷

durvṛttaṅ vṛttasampannō rōṣādvacanamabravīt.


surapati: Devendra, dṛṣṭvā having seen, trasta: afraid of, vivarṇavadana: pale faced, abhavat became, atha thereafter, vṛttasampanna: well-behaved, muni: sage, munivēṣadharam in the guise of an ascetic, durvuttam ill-behaved, sahasrākṣam Indra, dṛṣṭvā having seen, rōṣāt with enrangement, vacanam words, abravīt spoke.

On seeing him, the face of the Lord of the gods (Indra) turned pale with fear. Having seen the wicked Indra with a thousand-eyed in the guise of an ascetic the gentle sage Gautama got enraged and said:
mama rūpaṅ samāsthāya kṛtavānasi durmatē৷৷1.48.27৷৷

akartavyamidaṅ tasmādviphalastvaṅ bhaviṣyasi.


durmatē O! Wicked natured one, mama my, rūpam form, samāsthāya assuming, idam this, akartavyam an act which should not be done, kṛtavān asi have done, tasmāt for that reason, tvam you, viphala: devoid of scrotum, bhaviṣyasi will become.

"O Wicked natured one! assuming my form you have done a forbidden act. For that reason you shall be devoid of scrotum.
gautamēnaivamuktasya sarōṣēṇa mahātmanā৷৷1.48.28৷৷

pētaturvṛṣaṇai bhūmau sahasrākṣasya tatkṣaṇāt.


sarōṣēṇa with wrath, mahātmanā by the eminent, gautamēna by Gautama, ēvam in this way, uktasya have been uttered, sahasrākṣasya Indra, vṛṣaṇau testacles, tatkṣaṇāt immediately, bhūmau on earth, pētatu: dropped.

Cursed thus out of anger by eminent Gautama the testicles of Indra immediately dropped down on the earth.
tathā śaptvā sa vai śakramahalyāmapi śaptavān৷৷1.48.29৷৷

iha varṣasahasrāṇi bahūni tvaṅ nivatsyasi.

vāyubhakṣā nirāhārā tapyantī bhasmaśāyinī৷৷1.48.30৷৷

adṛśyā sarvabhūtānāṅ āśramē.sminnivatsyasi.


sa: he (the sage), śakram that Indra, tathā in that manner, śaptvā having cursed, ahalyāmapi Ahalya also, śaptavān had cursed, tvam you, iha here, bahūni many, varṣasahasrāṇi thousands of years, nivatsyasi you will live here, vāyubhakṣā subsisting on air, nirāhārā without food, bhasmaśāyinī lying on ashes, tapyantī doing penance, sarvabhūtānām to all being, adṛśyā invisible, asmin in this, āśramē Ashrama, nivatsyati you will stay on.

Having thus cursed Indra, he also cursed Ahalya: 'You will be staying here for thousands of years without food and subsisting on air, lying down in ashes, doing penance, without being seen by any living beings in this ashrama/'.
yadā caitadvanaṅ ghōraṅ rāmō daśarathātmaja:৷৷1.48.31৷৷

āgamiṣyati durdharṣastadā pūtā bhaviṣyasi.


daśarathātmaja: son of Dasaratha, durdharṣa: unassailable, rāma: Rama, yadā when, ghōram dreadful, ētat vanam this forest, āgamiṣyati will come, tadā then, pūtā bhaviṣyasi you will be purified.

'When the son of Dasaratha, the unassailable Rama enters this dreadful forest, you will be cleansed (of this sin)'.
tasyātithyēna durvuttē lōbhamōhavivarjitā৷৷1.48.32৷৷

matsakāśē mudā yuktā svaṅ vapurdhārayiṣyasi.


durvuttē O! Wicked natured one, tasya forhim (Rama), ātithyēna by offering hospitality, lōbhamōha vivarjitā without covetousness and passion, mudā with joy, yuktā endowed, matsakāśē in my proximity, svam your present, vapu: body, dhārayiṣyasi you will regain (assume).

'O Wicked-natured one! by offering hospitality to Rama, without covetousness and passion, you will happily live with me by regaining your present form'.
ēvamuktvā mahātējā gautamō duṣṭacāriṇīm৷৷1.48.33৷৷

imamāśramamutsṛjya siddhacāraṇasēvitē.

himavacchikharē puṇyē tapastēpē mahātapā:৷৷1.48.34৷৷


mahātējā: highly powerful, mahātapā: sage having rigid austerities, gautama: Gautama, duṣṭacāriṇīm possessing bad character, ēvam in this way, uktvā having spoken, imam this, āśramam hermitage, utsṛjya abandoning, siddhacāraṇasēvitē served by Siddhas and Charins, puṇyē holy, himavacchikharē peaks of Himavat mountain, tapa: austerities, tēpē performed.

"Highly powerful Gautama who had performed rigid austerities thus cursed the wicked Ahalya and left this hermitage, for the peaks of Himavat mountain served by siddhas and charanas. Here he performed austerities"(said Viswamitra).
ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē bālakāṇḍē aṣṭacatvāriṅśassarga:৷৷
Thus ends the fortyeighth sarga of Balakanda of the holy Ramayana the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.