Sloka & Translation

[Rama, Lakshmana and Sita set out for the forest--wailing of citizens, queens and the king.]

atha rāmaśca sītā ca lakṣmaṇaśca kṛtāñjaliḥ.

upasaṅgṛhya rājānaṅ cakrurdīnā: pradakṣiṇam৷৷2.40.1৷৷


atha thereafter, kṛtājñaliḥ folded hands, rāmaśca Rama also, sītā ca Sita also, lakṣmaṇaśca Lakshmana also, rājānam king, upasaṅgṛhya holding, dīnāḥ forlom, pradakṣiṇaṅ cakruḥ circumambulated him.

Thereafter, Sita, Rama and Lakshmana with folded palms in a forlom state touched (the feet of) the king and circumambulated him.
taṅ cāpi samanujñāpya dharmajñassītayā saha.

rāghava śśōkasammūḍhō jananīmabhyavādayat৷৷2.40.2৷৷


dharmajñaḥ knower of duty, rāghavaḥ Rama, sītayā saha along with Sita, tam (to him), samanujñāpya after taking leave of, śōkasammūḍhaḥ grief-stricken, jananīm to mother, abhyavādayat paid obeisance.

Taking leave of Dasaratha, the righteous descendant of the Raghus (Rama) along with Sita paid obeisance to his mother Kausalya who was afflicted with deep grief.
aanvakṣaṅ lakṣmaṇō bhrātuḥ kauśalyāmabhyavādayat.

atha mātu ssumitrāyā jagrāha caraṇau punaḥ৷৷2.40.3৷৷


lakṣmaṇaḥ Lakshmana, bhrātuḥ to his brother, anvakṣam following immediately, kauśalyām of Kausalya, abhyavādayat paid obeisance, atha thereafter, mātuḥ of his mother, sumitrāyāḥ Sumitra's, caraṇau feet, punaḥ again, jagrāha held.

Immediately following Rama, his brother, Lakshmana also paid obeisance to Kausalya and, thereafter, held the feet of his own mother Sumitra.
taṅ vandamānaṅ rudatī mātā saumitrimabravīt.

hitakāmā mahābāhuṅ mūdhnaryupāghrāya lakṣmaṇam৷৷2.40.4৷৷


mātā mother, vandamānam who was paying homage, saumitrim her son, mahābāhum mighty-armed, lakṣmaṇam of Lakshmana, mūrdhni on his forehead, upāghrāya having smelt, rudatī wailing, hitakāmā well-wisher, abravīt said.

While the mighty-armed Lakshmana paid her homage, Sumitra wailed, kissed him on his forehead, wished him well and said:
sṛṣṭastvaṅ vanavāsāya svanuraktassuhṛjjanē.

rāmē pramādaṅ mā kārṣīḥ putra! bhrātari gacchati৷৷2.40.5৷৷


putra O son, suhṛjjanē in beloved ones, svanuraktaḥ deeply attached, vanavāsāya to dwell in the forest, sṛṣṭaḥ born , gacchati leaving for the forest, bhrātari with regard to your brother, rāmē of Rama, pramādam inattention, mā kārṣīḥ never do.

Although deeply attached to your beloved ones, O Son, you are born to dwell in the forest. Never be inattentive towards your brother Rama who is on his way (to the forest).
vyasanī vā samṛddhō vā gatirēṣa tavānagha!.

ēṣa lōkē satāṅ dharmō yajjyēṣṭhavaśagō bhavēt৷৷2.40.6৷৷


anagha O sinless one, vyasanī vā in adversity, samṛddhō vā or in prosperity, ēṣaḥ this one, tava your, gatiḥ is refuge, jyēṣṭhavaśagaḥ following the eldest brother, bhavēt iti yat if it happens, ēṣaḥ this, lōkē in this world, satām of virtuous men, dharmaḥ is the duty.

Rama is your refuge in times of adversity or prosperity, O sinless one! To be
obedient to the eldest (brother) is the duty of virtuous men in this world.
idaṅ hi vṛttamucitaṅ kulasyāsya sanātanam.

dānaṅ dīkṣā ca yajñēṣu tanutyāgō mṛdhēṣu ca৷৷2.40.7৷৷


dānam charity, yajñēṣu in sacrifices, dīkṣā ca initiation, mṛdhēṣu in battles, tanutyāgaḥ ca giving one's body, idam this one, asya kulasya of this race, ucitam befitting, sanātanam ancient, vṛttaṅ hi is the tradition.

Charity, initiation at sacrifices and yielding life in battles are the befitting ancient traditions prevailing in your race.
lakṣmaṇaṅ tvēvamuktvā sā saṅsiddhaṅ priyarāghavam.

sumitrā gaccha gacchēti punaḥ punaruvāca tam৷৷2.40.8৷৷


sā sumitrā that Sumitra, priyarāghavam to beloved Rama, saṅsiddham fully prepared, lakṣmaṇam Lakshmana, ēvam thus, uktvā having said, gaccha gaccha iti exclaiming 'go, go', tam to him, punaḥ punaḥ again and again, uvāca said.

Having said this to Lakshmana Sumitra again and again said to her beloved Rama, who was fully prepared, 'Go, go'.
rāmaṅ daśarathaṅ viddhi māṅ viddhi janakātmajām.

ayōdhyāmaṭavīṅ vidhdi gaccha tāta! yathāsukham৷৷2.40.9৷৷


rāmam to Rama, daśaratham as Dasaratha, viddhi know, janakātmajām Sita, mām as me, viddhi know, aṭavīm forest, ayōdhyām as Ayodhya, viddhi know, tāta child, yathāsukham in peace, gaccha go.

(To Lakshmana she said) Regard Rama as Dasaratha, Sita as me and the forest as Ayodhya. My child, go in peace.
tataḥ sumantraḥ kākutsthaṅ prāñjalirvākyamabravīt.

vinītō vinayajñaśca mātalirvāsavaṅ yathā৷৷2.40.10৷৷


tataḥ then, vinītaḥ humble, vinayajñaśca knower of politeness, sumantraḥ Sumantra, prāñjaliḥ with folded palms, mātaliḥ Matali, vāsavaṅ yathā as Indra, kākutstham to the scion of the Kakutstha race, vākyam these words, abravīt spoke.

Then Sumantra who knows the ways of politeness and humility spoke to Rama, with folded hands as Matali did to Indra.
rarathamārōha bhadraṅ tē rājaputra mahāyaśaḥ.

kṣipraṅ tvāṅ prāpayiṣyāmi yatra māṅ rāma! vakṣyasi৷৷2.40.11৷৷


rājaputra O Prince, mahāyaśaḥ O illustrious one, rathaṅ chariot, ārōha mount, tē to you, bhadram wish
you well, yatra whereever, vakṣyasi you guide (one), tvām you, kṣipram speedily, prāpayiṣyāmi I will take.

O Illustrious prince, wish you well! Mount the chariot. I shall convey you speedily whereever you want.
caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi vastavyāni vanē tvayā.

tānyupakramitavyāni yāni dēvyāsi cōditaḥ৷৷2.40.12৷৷


caturdaśa fourteen, varṣāṇi years, tvayā by you, vanē in the forest, vastavyāniva you will dwell, yāni those, dēvyā by queen Kaikeyi, cōditaḥ asi you have been directed, tāni those, upakramitavyāni should be commenced.

You have been directed by Kaikeyi to live in the forest for fourteen years. Accordingly you must now commence counting those years as directed.
taṅ rathaṅ sūryasaṅkāśaṅ sītā hṛṣṭēna cētasā.

ārurōha varārōhā kṛtvālaṅkāramātmanaḥ৷৷2.40.13৷৷


varārōhā lovely limbs, sītā Sita, ātmanaḥ her person, alaṅkāram decoration, kṛtvā having made, hṛṣṭēna with pleased, cētasā mind, sūryasaṅkāśam resembling the Sun, taṅ ratham that chariot, ārurōha boarded.

Sita of lovely limbs decorated herself and with a cheerful mind boarded the chariot which was shining like the Sun.
athō jvalanasaṅkāśaṅ cāmīkaravibhūṣitam!.

tamāruruhatustūrṇaṅ bhrātarau rāmalakṣmaṇau৷৷2.40.14৷৷


atha thereafter, bhrātarau both the brothers, rāmalakṣmaṇau Rama and Lakshmana, ujvalanasaṅkāśam appearing like blazing fire, cāmīkaravibhūṣitam decorated with gold, tam the chariot, tūrṇam immediately, āruruhatuḥ both ascended.

Thereafter, Rama and Lakshmana also boarded that chariot decorated with gold and shining like blazing fire.
vanavāsaṅ hi saṅkhyāya vāsāṅsyābharaṇāni ca.

bhartāramanugacchantyai sītāyai śvaśurō dadau৷৷2.40.15৷৷


śvaśuraḥ father-in-law (Dasaratha), bhartāram to the husband, anugacchantyai following, sītāyai to Sita, vanavāsam going to dwell in the forest, saṅkhyāya having counted, vāsāṅsi clothes, ābharaṇāni ca ornamets, dadau gave.

Father-in-law (Dasaratha) gave clothes and ornaments on the assessment of the number of years Sita was going to spend in the forest with her husband.
tathaivāyudhajālāni bhrātṛbhyāṅ kavacāni ca.

rathōpasthē pratinyasya sacarma kaṭhinaṅ ca tat৷৷2.40.16৷৷

sītātṛtīyānārūḍhān dṛṣṭvā dṛṣṭamacōdayat.

sumantrassammatānaśvān vāyuvēgasamānjavē৷৷2.40.17৷৷


tathaiva similarly, bhrātṛbhyām for brothers, āyudhajālāni multitude of weapons, kavacāni armours, sacarma along with shield, tat kaṭhinaṅ ca protective leather covering the hand, rathōpasthē in the centre of the chariot, pratinyasya placing, sumantraḥ Sumantra, sītātṛtīyān Rama and Lakshmana with Sita as third person, ārūḍhān ascended, dṛṣṭvā having seen, sammatān honoured, javē in speed, vāyuvēga samān like the speed of the wind, aśvān horses, dhṛṣṭam briskly, acōdayat drove them.

So also Dasaratha secured a multitude of weapons, shields and protective leather-coverings for hands and placed them at the centre of the chariot, for use by the brothers. When Sumantra ensured that Sita, Rama and Lakshmana boarded the chariot, he briskly hastened the horses which were as speedy as the wind.
pratiyātē mahāraṇyaṅ cirarātrāya rāghavē.

babhūva nagarē mūrchā balamūrchā janasya ca৷৷2.40.18৷৷


rāghavē Rama, cirarātrāya for a long period, mahāraṇyam to the great forest, pratiyātē having set out, nagarē in the city, mūrchā babhūva was deprived of senses, janasya for men, balamūrchā ca were deprived of their strength.

Having seen Rama set out for the great forest for a long period, the city was stilled and men were enervated.
tatsamākulasambhrāntaṅ mattasaṅkupitadvipam.

hayaśiñjitanirghōṣaṅ puramāsīnmahāsvanam৷৷2.40.19৷৷


tat puram that city, mattasaṅkupitadvipam with elephants intoxicated and provoked (by sounds), hayaśiñjitanirghōṣam the tinkling of bells and the neighing of the horses, mahāsvanam mighty roar, ākulasambhrāntam āsīt became flurried and distressed.

The city was distressed and flurried by the intoxicated elephants, provoked by the
mighty sound of the tinkling of bells and the neighing of the horses.
tata ssabālavṛddhā sā purī paramapīḍitā.

rāmamēvābhidudrāva gharmārtā salilaṅ yathā৷৷2.40.20৷৷


tataḥ thereafter, bālavṛddhā including young and old, sā purī that city, paramapīḍitā extremely afflicted, gharmārtaḥ oppressed with heat, salilaṅ yathā like water, rāmam ēva towards Rama only, abhidudrāva ran.

Thereafter the extremely afflicted people of the city, including young and old alike, ran towards Rama like men oppressed with heat running for water.
pārśvataḥ pṛṣṭhataścāpi lambamānāstadunmukhāḥ.

bāṣpapūrṇamukhāssarvē tamūcurbhṛśanisvanāḥ৷৷2.40.21৷৷


sarvē all, pārśvataḥ by his side, pṛṣṭhataścaiva behind, lambamānāḥ hanging upon, tadunmukhāḥ facing him, bāṣpapūrṇamukhāḥ faces covered with tears, bhṛśanisvanāḥ heaving deeply, tam addressing that Sumantra, ūcuḥ said.

All the people hanging from the chariot from behind and by the sides, heaving deeply, their faces covered with tears, thus addressed to Sumantra:
saṅyaccha vājināṅ raśmīn sūta! yāhi śanaiśśanaiḥ.

mukhaṅ drakṣyāma rāmasya durdarśaṅ nō bhaviṣyati৷৷2.40.22৷৷


sūta! O charioteer, vājinām horses, raśmīn reins, saṅyaccha control, śanaiḥ śanaiḥ slowly, slowly, yāhi go, rāmasya Rama's, mukham face, drakṣyāmaḥ we will see, naḥ for us, durdarśam difficult to see, bhaviṣyati will become.

O charioteer, control the reins of the horses and go slow so that we may look at the face of Rama, for soon we will not be able to see him.
āyasaṅ hṛdayaṅ nūnaṅ rāmamāturasaṅśayam.

yaddēvagarbhapratimē vanaṅ yāti na bhidyatē৷৷2.40.23৷৷


dēvagarbhapratimē resembling the offspring of gods, vanam to the forest, yāti while going, yat for what reason, na bhidyatē does not break, nūnam certainly, rāmamātuḥ of the mother of Rama (Kausalya's), hṛdayam heart, āyasam is made of iron, asaṅśayam no doubt.

Alas, the heart of Kausalya whose son, Rama, resembles the offspring of the gods, does not break even though he is going to the forest! Undoubtedly it must be made of iron.
kṛtakṛtyā hi vaidēhī chāyēvānugatā patim.

na jahāti ratā dharmē mērumarkaprabhā yathā৷৷2.40.24৷৷


dharmē in duty, ratā attached, chāyēva like shadow, anugatā following, vaidēhi Sita, arkaprabhā sunlight, mērum yathā like mount Meru, patim her husband, na jahāti does not leave, kṛtakṛtyā hi accomplished her purpose.

Sita, deeply attached to her duty, and with her desire fulfilled is following her husband like a shadow just as the sunlight which never leaves mount Meru.
ahō! lakṣmaṇa! siddhārtha ssatataṅ priyavādinam.

bhrātaraṅ dēvasaṅkāśaṅ yastvaṅ paricariṣyasi৷৷2.40.25৷৷


lakṣmaṇa! O Lakshmana, yaḥ tvam such as you, priyavādinam who speaks pleasant words, dēvasaṅkāśam god-like, bhrātaram to brother, satatam always, paricariṣyasi attend, siddhārthaḥ fulfilled the purpose, ahō oh.

With your desires fulfilled, O Lakshmana, you will attend to your god-like brother who always speaks pleasant words.
mahatyēṣā hi tē sidhdirēṣa cābhyudayō mahān.

ēṣa svargasya mārgaśca yadēnamanugacchasi৷৷2.40.26৷৷


ēnam this Rama, anugacchasi (iti) yat the fact that you are following him, ēṣā that one, tē for you, mahatī great, sidhdi: achievement, ēṣaḥ this, mahān great, abhyudayaḥ prosperity, ēṣaḥ this one, svargasya to heaven, mārgaśca way.

The very fact that you are following Rama is a great achievement and a great fortune for you. This, in fact, is the way to heaven.
ēvaṅ vadantastē sōḍhuṅ na śēkurbāṣpamāgatam.

narāstamanugacchantaḥ priyamikṣvākunandanam৷৷2.40.27৷৷


ēvam thus, vadantaḥ speaking, ikṣvākunandanam delight of Ikshawaku dynasty, priyam beloved, tam
that Rama, anugacchantaḥ following, tē narāḥ those people, āgatam having arrived, bāṣpam tears, sōḍhum to bear, na śēkuḥ were not able.

Speaking thus, the people following their beloved Rama, the delight of the Ikshvaku dynasty, were not able to bear (restrain) the tears flowing from their eyes.
atha rājā vṛta strībhirdīnābhirdīnacētanaḥ.

nirjagāma priyaṅ putraṅ drakṣyāmīti bruvan gṛhāt৷৷2.40.28৷৷


atha then, dīnacētanaḥ in desolation, rājā king, priyam beloved, putram son, drakṣyāmīti I wish to see him, bruvan saying, dīnābhiḥ distressed, strībhiḥ by ladies, vṛtaḥ surrounded, gṛhāt from the palace, nirjagāma emerged.

I wish to see my beloved son said the king with a sense of desolation and emerged, surrounded by forlorn women, from the palace.
śuśruvē cāgrataḥ strīṇāṅ rudantīnāṅ mahāsvanaḥ.

yathā nādaḥ karēṇūnāṅ baddhē mahati kuñjarē৷৷2.40.29৷৷


agrataḥ in front of, rudantīnām crying, strīṇām of women, mahāsvanaḥ loud sound, mahati when great, kuñjarē elephant, baddhē when fastened, karēṇūnām of female elephants, nādaḥ yathā like a sound, śuśruvē heard.

He heard the women crying loudly in front like wailings of cow-elephants when their bull elephant is captured.
pitā hi rājā kākutsthaḥ śrīmān sannastadā.bhavat.

paripūrṇaḥ śaśī kālē grahēṇōpaplutō yathā৷৷2.40.30৷৷


śrīmān one of great prosperity, kākutstha: born in the race of Kakutstha (Dasaratha), pitā father, rājā king, tadā then, kālē at that time, grahēṇa by Rahu, upaplutaḥ eclipsed, pūrṇaśaśī yathā like the full Moon, sannaḥ abhavat was shrunk.

The king born in the race of Kakutstha, though bright, looked dull then like the full Moon eclipsed (by Rahu).
sa ca śrīmānacintyātmā rāmō daśarathātmajaḥ.

sūtaṅ sañcōdayāmāsa tvaritaṅ vāhyatāmiti৷৷2.40.31৷৷


śrīmān glorious one, acintyātmā unimaginable form, saḥ daśarathātmajaḥ that son of Dasaratha, rāmaḥ Rama, tvaritam fast, vāhyatām iti drive, sūtam charioteer, sañcōdayāmāsa exhorted.

The son of Dasaratha, glorious Rama of inconceivable courage, exhorted the charioteer to drive the chariot fast.
rāmō yāhīti sūtaṅ taṅ tiṣṭhēti sa janastadā.

ubhayaṅ nāśakatsūtaḥ kartumadhvani cōditaḥ৷৷2.40.32৷৷


tadā then, rāmaḥ Rama, yāhi iti saying 'drive on', janaḥ citizens, tiṣṭhēti 'stay, stay', taṅ sūtam
to the charioteer, cōditaḥ urged, sūtaḥ that charioteer, adhvani on the way, ubhayam both the acts, kartum to do, nāśakat was unable.

Urged by Rama to drive fast on the one hand and by the citizens to stay, on the other, the charioteer could do neither on the way.
nirgacchati mahābāhau rāmē paurajanāśrubhiḥ.

patitairabhyavahitaṅ praśaśāma mahīrajaḥ৷৷2.40.33৷৷


mahābāhau mighty-armed, rāmē Rama, nirgacchati going away, abhyavahitam raised, mahīrajaḥ dust of the earth, patitaiḥ by the fallen, paurajanāśrubhiḥ with the tears of the citizens, praśaśāma subsided.

As the mighty-armed Rama was going away, the dust raised from the earth subsided with the tears falling from the citizens' (eyes).
ruditāśruparidyūnaṅ hāhākṛtamacētanam.

prayāṇē rāghavasyāsītpuraṅ paramapīḍitam৷৷2.40.34৷৷


rāghavasya Rama's, prayāṇē at the time of departure, puram the city, ruditāśruparidyūnam drenched with tears from weeping, hāhākṛtam 'Alas, Alas', acētanam insensate, parama pīḍitam āsīt became tormented.

At the time of Rama's departure, the insensate city was drenched with tears of the deeply afflicted people crying, 'Alas, Alas'.
susrāva nayanaiḥ strīṇāmasramāyāsasambhavam.

mīnasaṅkṣōbhacalitai ssalilaṅ paṅkajairiva৷৷2.40.35৷৷


strīṇām women's, nayanaiḥ with (from) eyes, āyāsasambhavam born of anguish, asram tears, mīnasaṅkṣōbha calitaiḥ shaken by the movements of fish, paṅkajaiḥ by lotuses, salilamiva like water-drops, susrāva fell.

Tears born of anguish fell from the eyes of women just as water-drops fall from lotuses shaken by the movements of fishes.
dṛṣṭvā tu nṛpati śśrīmānēkacittagataṅ puram.

nipapātaiva duḥkhēna hatamūla iva drumaḥ৷৷2.40.36৷৷


śrīmān prosperous, nṛpatiḥ king, ēkacittagatam absorbed in the same thought, puram the city, dṛṣṭvā having seen, duḥkhēna with grief, hatamūlaḥ with roots severed, drumaḥ iva like tree, nipapātaiva fell down.

Having seen the city (people) absorbed in one single thought, the prosperous king, grief-stricken, fell down on the ground like a tree severed at its root.
tatō halahalāśabdō jajñē rāmasya pṛṣṭhataḥ.

narāṇāṅ prēkṣya rājānaṅ sīdantaṅ bhṛśaduḥkhitam৷৷2.40.37৷৷


tataḥ then, bhṛśa duḥkhitam intensely grieved, sīdantam enfeebled, rājānam king, prēkṣya having seen, narāṇām men's, halahalāśabdaḥ a tumultous roar, rāmasya Rama's, pṛṣṭhataḥ behind, jajñē emanated.

When the people saw the king enfeebled by deep grief, they raised an uproar behind Rama's (chariot).
hā rāmēti janāḥ kēcidrāmamātēti cāparē.

antaḥpuraṅ samṛddhaṅ ca krōśantaḥ paryadēvayan৷৷2.40.38৷৷


kēcit some, janāḥ people, hā rāmēti O Rama, aparē some others, rāmamātēti O mother of Rama, krōśantaḥ while crying, samṛddham loudly, antaḥpuraṅ ca inner apartment, paryadēvayan made them weep.

Some among them wailed 'Oh Rama!', while some others cried 'Oh mother of Rama!' By crying loudly, they made the women in the inner apartment cry too.
anvīkṣamāṇō rāmastu viṣaṇṇaṅ bhrāntacētasam.

rājānaṅ mātaraṅ caiva dadarśānugatau pathi৷৷2.40.39৷৷


rāmastu Rama, anvīkṣamāṇaḥ glanced back, viṣaṇṇam dejected, bhrāntacētasam with a disturbed mind, rājānam king, mātaraṅ caiva mother also, pathi on the highway, anugatau following, dadarśa beheld.

When Rama glanced back, he saw his mother and father trailing behind him on the highway, with an agitated and dejected mind.
sa baddha iva pāśēna kiśōrō mātaraṅ yathā.

dharmapāśēna saṅkṣiptaḥ prakāśaṅ nābhyudaikṣata৷৷2.40.40৷৷


pāśēna baddhaḥ fastened by cord, kiśōraḥ iva like a foal, saḥ Rama, dharmapāśēna by bonds of duty, saṅkṣiptaḥ restrained, mātaraṅ yathā like mother, prakāśam clearly, nābhyudaikṣata did not see.

Like a fastened foal cannot see its mother, Rama restrained by bonds of duty could not see his parents clearly.
padātinau ca yānārhāvaduḥkhārhau sukhōcitau.

dṛṣṭvā sañcōdayāmāsa śīghraṅ yāhīti sārathim৷৷2.40.41৷৷


yānārhau worthy of going on chariot, padātinau (now) going on foot, sukhōcitau accustomed to comforts, adu:khārhau unworthy of experiencing sorrow, dṛṣṭvā having seen, śīghram swiftly, yāhi iti 'go' thus, sārathim of charioteer, sañcōdayāmāsa urged.

Seeing his parents, who were worthy of riding a chariot now going on foot, who were accustomed to comforts and did not deserve any suffering, Rama urged his charioteer to drive fast.
na hi tatpuruṣavyāghrō duḥkhadaṅ darśanaṅ pituḥ.

mātuśca sahituṅ śaktastōtrārdita iva dvipaḥ৷৷2.40.42৷৷


puruṣavyāghraḥ tiger (best) among men, tōtrārditaḥ tormented by the goads, dvipaḥ iva like an elephant, duḥkhadam causing agony, pituḥ father's, mātuśca mother's, tat darśanam that sight, sahitum to endure, na śaktaḥ hi was not able.

Rama the best among men, could not, like an elephant tormented by the goad, endure that pitiful sight of his father and mother.
pratyagāramivāyāntī vatsalā vatsakāraṇāt.

baddhavatsā yathā dhēnū rāmamātābhyadhāvata৷৷2.40.43৷৷


baddhavatsā fastened calf, vatsalā affectionate, agāraṅ prati towards the shed, āyantī coming,
dhēnuḥ iva like cow, vatsakāraṇāt yathā for its calf, rāmamātā Rama's mother, abhyadhāvata ran behind.

Rama's mother ran after the chariot, like an affectionate cow running towards the shed to join its fastened calf.
tathā rudantīṅ kausalyāṅ rathaṅ tamanudhāvatīm.

krōśantīṅ rāma rāmēti hā sītē! lakṣmaṇēti ca৷৷2.40.44৷৷

rāmalakṣmaṇasītārthaṅ sravantīṅ vāri nētrajam.

asakṛtpraikṣata tadā nṛtyantīmiva mātaram৷৷2.40.45৷৷


(saḥ Rama), tathā thus, rudantīm weeping, rāma rāmēti O Rama, O Rama, hā sītē O Sita, lakṣmaṇēti ca O Lakshmana, krōśantīm crying, rāmalakṣmaṇasītārtham for Rama, Lakshmana and Sita, nētrajam born of eyes, vāri tears, sravantīm shedding, nṛtyantīm iva like a dancer, mātaram mother, tāṅ kauśalyām that Kausalya, asakṛt repeatedly, praikṣata saw.

While Kausalya was weeping and running after the chariot, crying O 'Rama, O Sita, O Lakshmana, shedding tears for them, Rama repeatedly glanced at her who was
twisting and bending as if in a dancing pose.
tiṣṭhēti rājā cukrōśa yāhi yāhīti rāghavaḥ.

sumantrasya babhūvātmā cakrayōriva cāntarā৷৷2.40.46৷৷


rājā king, tiṣṭhēti 'stay, stay', cukrōśa cried, rāghavaḥ Rama, yāhi iti 'go, go', sumantrasya Sumantra's, ātmā mind, cakrayō: two wheels, antarā iva like in between, babhūva became.

The king cried, 'Stay, Stay', while Rama said 'Go on, Go on'. Sumantra's mind was caught as if in between two wheels.
nāśrauṣamiti rājānamupālabdhō.pi vakṣyasi.

ciraṅ duḥkhasya pāpiṣṭhamiti rāmastamabravīt৷৷2.40.47৷৷


upālabdhō.pi even when reproached, nāśrauṣamiti 'I did not hear', rājānam to the king, vakṣyasi you will tell, duḥkhasya agony, ciram for long time, pāpiṣṭham cannot be endured, iti thus, rāmaḥ Rama, tam to him, abravīt said.

When the king reproaches you for not stopping the chariot, you can say 'I could not hear'.Prolonging agony is sinful, said Rama to Sumantra.
rāmasya sa vacaḥ kurvannanujñāpya ca taṅ janam.

vrajatō.pi hayān śīghraṅ cōdayāmāsa sārathiḥ৷৷2.40.48৷৷


sa sārathiḥ charioteer, rāmasya Rama's, vacaḥ words, kurvan obeying, tam janam that multitude of people, anujñāpya having given permision (taking leave), vrajatō.pi even though moving, hayān horses, śīghram with greater speed, cōdayāmāsa hastened.

Obeying the command of Rama and after taking leave of the people, Sumantra hastened the horses although they were galloping.
nyavartata janō rājñō rāmaṅ kṛtvā pradakṣiṇam.

manasāpyaśruvēgaiśca na nyavartata mānuṣam৷৷2.40.49৷৷


rājñaḥ king's, janaḥ people, rāmam of Rama, pradakṣiṇaṅ kṛtvā circumanbulating him in imaginataion, nyavartata returned, mānuṣam people, manasā api even mentally, aśruvēgaiśca flow of their tears, na nyavartata did not stop.

The king's men returned, with Rama circumambulated (on the plane of their minds). But from their minds they could not hold back their tears (grief).
yamicchētpunarāyāntaṅ nainaṅ dūramanuvrajēt.

ityamātyā mahārājamūcurdaśarathaṅ vacaḥ৷৷2.40.50৷৷


yam whom, punaḥ again, āyāntam returning, icchēt desires, ēnam him, dūram for a long
distance, na anuvrajēt should not follow, iti thus, amātyāḥ ministers, mahārājam king, daśaratham to Dasaratha, vacaḥ words, ūcuḥ said.

We should not follow over a long distance those we wish to return, said the ministers to king Dasaratha.
tēṣāṅ vacaḥ sarvaguṇōpapannaṅ

prasvinnagātraḥ praviṣaṇṇarūpaḥ.

niśamya rājā kṛpaṇaḥ sabhāryō

vyavasthitastaṅ sutamīkṣamāṇaḥ৷৷2.40.51৷৷


prasvinnagātraḥ with a perspiring body, praviṣaṇṇarūpaḥ with a melancholic appearance, kṛpaṇaḥ overcome with grief, sabhāryaḥ along with his wives, rājā the king, tēṣām their, sarvaguṇōpapannam endowed with every virtue, vacaḥ words, niśamya having heard, taṅ sutam that son, īkṣamāṇaḥ while looking at, vyavasthitaḥ stood there.

Dasaratha and his wives, overcome with grief, heard their words steeped in virtue
(wisdom). The king stood there with his perspiring body and melancholic appearance, fixing his gaze on his son.
ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē catvāriṅśassargaḥ৷৷
Thus ends the fortieth sarga of Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.